Arizona Tip Laws that Employees and Employers Should Know in 2025

 

Arizona has specific tip laws to make sure employees are paid fairly. These rules cover who owns tips, how employers must handle them, and the penalties for mismanaging them. Understanding these laws and why they exist can help you maintain smooth operations, avoid penalties and fines, and foster healthy working relationships with your staff.

What is a “tip” in Arizona?

Under Arizona law, a tip is a voluntary payment a customer offers an employee as a reward for service. To qualify as a tip, the amount must be freely chosen by the customer. Mandatory payments, such as service charges and gratuities for large bills, do not count as tips.

Where a tip is an amount a customer chooses to reward employees for service, a service charge is a mandatory payment the business adds to the customer’s bill automatically. Service charge amounts are usually a set percentage of the total bill amount. Meanwhile, tip amounts are totally up to the customer.

Tips go directly to the employee and count as employee income. On the other hand, service charges go to the employer and count as business revenue. The employer can choose how to use service charges, whether to share them with service employees, cover overhead expenses, or keep them as profit. However, employers cannot withhold or handle tips unless the tipped staff have agreed on a tip pooling arrangement.

Who qualifies as a tipped employee in Arizona?

Employees in Arizona count as tipped employees if they customarily and regularly receive tips directly from customers. Although there is no law requiring customers to pay tips, cultural standards encourage the practice, so tipped employees receive tips with regular frequency.

Most front-of-house food establishment employees, such as servers, hosts, bartenders, bussers, and food runners, count as tipped employees. Outside the restaurant industry, examples of tipped employees include valets, bellhops, barbers, and hair stylists.

Minimum wage and tip credits

As of 2025, minimum wage in Arizona is $14.70 per hour, which is more than double than the federal minimum wage of $7.25. However, the cities of Flagstaff and Tucson override the state rate through local ordinances, which mandate minimum wage rates of $15 per hour and $17.85 per hour respectively.

The maximum tip credit in Arizona is $3 per hour. This means that Arizona employers can subtract a maximum of $3 per hour from the minimum base wage for employees who earn tips, as long as total earnings (wages plus tips) equal at least the state minimum wage.

With this rule, the statewide minimum wage for tipped employees is $11.70 per hour, while the rate for Flagstaff is $16.85 per hour. Tucson has no separate minimum wage for tipped employees.

Arizona tip credit rules

To ensure fair compensation for all tipped employees, Arizona employers need to follow certain rules when implementing tip credit arrangements. These rules outline who qualifies for tip credits, how employers should handle tips, and what they should do if tips don’t bring an employee’s total pay up to the state minimum wage.

Tip credit can only apply to tipped occupations

Establishments can only apply tip credit to employees who regularly and customarily receive tips, such as servers, hosts, and bartenders. They cannot lower the minimum wage for non-tipped employees, such as supervisors, managers, and back-of-house staff.

Employees must make enough in tips

An employer can only deduct the full tip credit if the sum of the employee’s tips and base wages amounts to minimum wage. If tips are insufficient, the employer must pay the difference. We’ve provided a few examples below to demonstrate the rule in action.

Example 1 (tips are sufficient): An entry-level server made $4 in tips in one hour-long shift. The employer is allowed to pay her the tipped minimum wage of $11.70 as a base wage, because their tips bring her total earnings up to $15.70, which is higher than minimum wage of $14.70.

Example 2 (tips are not sufficient): The employer agrees to pay a busser the tipped minimum wage of $11.70. However, in an hour-long shift, he only made $2. To bring his earnings up to $14.70, the employer must add $1 to his base wage.

Failing to pay the difference for insufficient tips may result in wage theft claims, penalties, fines, or legal action from employees or the Department of Labor.

Notify employees in writing

Employers need to ensure that their employees fully understand the establishment’s wage structure. Because of this, Arizona law legally requires employers to provide tipped employees with written explanations of tip credit arrangements. They must include the following information in the notice:

• The employee’s base wage (must follow the tipped minimum wage of $11.70)
• The amount of tip credit the employer will claim (must not exceed the maximum tip credit amount of $3)
• An explanation of tip pooling arrangements, if applicable
• A written guarantee that the employer will pay the difference if total earnings fall short of minimum wage

The timing of the notice also matters. Employees need to be informed of their wage structures before these agreements can apply to their income. This allows them the opportunity to discuss and agree on pay terms. Generally, employers should provide written notices:

• Before an employee begins a tipped position
• Whenever a change in the tip credit or wage amount is about to take effect

Tip pooling in Arizona

While Arizona law generally prohibits employers from withholding tips from tipped employees, handling tips is allowed if the staff have previously agreed to a tip pooling arrangement. Tip pooling places all tips earned into a shared pool, which the employers redistribute to all eligible tipped employees.

Tip pooling helps promote teamwork, equitable pay, and good service within an establishment. Because employees collectively reap the rewards of good service rather than individually competing for tips, they are more incentivized to collaborate, build rapport, and deliver high-quality service.

Arizona tip pooling rules

To further ensure fair pay, Arizona law requires employers to follow a short list of tip pooling rules. These regulate who can participate, how to distribute pools, and how to enforce arrangements.

Only eligible employees can participate

Tip pools can only be shared among eligible tipped employees, such as servers, hosts, bussers, food runners, and bartenders. Employers may not force employees to share tip pools with non-tipped employees, such as back-of-house staff. Federal law (Fair Labor Standards Act, FLSA) also prohibits supervisors, managers, and owners from participating in tip pools.

Follow minimum wage laws

If the employers are actively claiming tip credit, they must ensure that each employee’s share of the tip pool brings their total earnings up to minimum wage or higher. If, after distributing the tip pool, employee wages fall short of minimum wage, employers must pay the difference.

To illustrate, let’s say an establishment employs ten tipped employees. Employee A has agreed to work for the tipped minimum wage of $11.70. In one day, the establishment collectively earned $120 in tips, which they split among the ten staff.

Employee A, who worked for six hours that day, received $12. However, this amounts to only $2 worth of tips per hour worked. To bring Employee A’s total earnings up to $14.70, the employer must pay them another $1 per hour.

Include an explanation of the tip credit arrangement in the tip credit written notice

Under Arizona law, employers must provide written notice for tip pooling arrangements if they pay their employees a tipped minimum wage rather than the standard minimum wage. They should include the explanation of the tip pooling structure in the written notice about tip credit agreements. Failing to provide this explanation in the written notice disqualifies employers from claiming tip credits.

Legal consequences of violating Arizona tip laws

Depending on the severity of the offence, tip law violations can result in a number of legal consequences, from fines to lawsuits to even criminal charges. Arizona enforces these penalties to protect the rights of tipped employees and ensure they receive fair compensation for their labor.

Wage claims and back pay

Employers found violating minimum wage laws, such as employers who fail to pay the difference for insufficient tips, become liable to compensate tipped employees for their lost income. Amounts employers might be asked to pay include:

• Back wages: Employers must pay the wages they withheld from their employees.
• Liquidated damages: If the employee claims to suffer additional harm due to withheld wages, the state might charge the employer liquidated damages in addition to back wages.
• Interest on unpaid wages: Some courts charge employers interest on unpaid wages to further penalize wage theft.

Penalties and fines

The Arizona Industrial Commission of Labor (AIC) and other enforcement agencies have the authority to impose fines and penalties for wage and hour violations. This includes tip law breaches, such as withheld tips.

Improper management of tips can also lead to issues with the IRS. Employees who erroneously report income or fail to withhold the appropriate taxes may face IRS penalties.

Civil lawsuits

Employees in Arizona have the right to sue their employers for tip law violations. Potential reasons for lawsuits include:

• Wage theft or unpaid wages due to insufficient tips
• Violations of wage structure agreements
• Retaliation for complaining about wage violations

Class action lawsuits

If multiple employees fall victim to tip law violations, they have the right to file a class action or collective lawsuit against their employer. Lawsuits of this scale naturally come with increased liability and costs.

Criminal charges

Employers with very severe offenses may face criminal prosecution. This typically happens to employers involved in fraud or intentional wage theft.

Consequences of tip law violations on employees

Aside from losing money, employees also face a wide range of legal and financial consequences when their employers violate tip laws. Typically, tip law violations affect their taxes, government benefits, and reputation among financial institutions.

Under-reported income

Violations of tip laws often cause employees to mistakenly under-report their earnings. Because they report lower income on tax documents, they may struggle to qualify for loans, credit cards, or mortgages.

IRS penalties

Unless the employee files a successful wage claim to correct their employer’s errors, they may face IRS penalties. For example, the IRS may charge back taxes with interest for misreported income. In some cases, unreported income can also trigger audits.

Reduced government benefits

Retirement programs, such as Social Security and Medicare, depend on payroll tax contributions. Withheld wages mean lower contributions, reducing an employee’s future retirement benefits.

Unreported tips can also affect unemployment insurance. Since the government derives unemployment benefits from previously reported earnings, employees with misreported income may qualify for less financial support in the event that they lose their job.

Stay compliant with Arizona laws

Maintaining compliance with Arizona tip laws is easier with the right tools. The 7shifts tip management feature lets you automate all tip-related tasks, including calculations, distribution, and taxing. With it, you can automatically calculate tip distributions based on pooling rules, instantly send tips to employee debit accounts, and generate clear documentation and reports.

Employees also get real-time visibility into their tip calculations, owed amounts, and total earnings, along with detailed breakdowns for full transparency.